Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs, which causes about 100% mortality in domestic pigs. It creates huge economic loss through out the world although it has no zoonotic importance. For a long period, ASF remained endemic in Africa and few European countries but recently it has been reported in China and North Eastern states of India. The disease is transmitted to domestic pigs through contact with sick animals, infected wild boars consumption of contaminated feed and also by biological vectors (soft ticks of the genus Ornithodoros). The most common and suitable techniques to detect and identify ASFV is the polymerase chain reaction. The serological techniques play an important role in the surveillance program. Till date there is no effective vaccine developed so far, that is why most of the countries adopted the quarantine procedure and slaughter as effective control measures. This review throws light into the nature of the virus, epidemiology, transmission pattern, prevention and control of spread of the disease.

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